Devices that cause speed changes or changes to or from reciprocating to rotary motion, using means such as gears, pulleys or sheaves and belts, shafts, cams and cranks, usually are considered machines. In modern usage, such as in engineering or economics, mechanization implies machinery more complex than hand tools and would not include simple devices such as an ungeared horse or donkey mill. In some fields, mechanization includes the use of hand tools. Machines, in fact, are interposed between the power and the work, for the purpose of adapting the one to the other. In an early engineering text a machine is defined as follows:Įvery machine is constructed for the purpose of performing certain mechanical operations, each of which supposes the existence of two other things besides the machine in question, namely, a moving power, and an object subject to the operation, which may be termed the work to be done. Mechanization is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery. 1555) an early mining textbook that contains numerous drawings and descriptions of mining equipment. This woodblock is from De re metallica by George Bauer (pen name Georgius Agricola, ca. A water-powered mine hoist used for raising ore.
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